Helsel-Killion Family Reunion

Helsel-Killion Family News & More

Family news, prayer requests, info & Nashville Vaca-Union details.

Summary

1 - Timothy David Haviland
2 - Time to reserve your room for Nashville
3 - 100 years ago 1910 vs 2010
4 - June 2010 - What's the hap's for the family reunion in Nashville
5 - How should all phones in A merica be answered?
6 - The Good Napkins
7 - Nashville Trivia for Family Reunion
8 - Nashville Attractions to get you started
9 - Nashville's All Access pass - cost savings for some activities/ tours
10 - Nashville Civil War Tour
11 - Nashville History
12 - What Holywood Star Are You?
13 - Prayer Request - family
14 - Prayer Requests - Rev. Steve Killion
15 - Prayer Requests - Charles & Darlene orig posted Wednesday, February 17, 2010 - 10:29 AM
16 - Grandma Joanne Eye Surg. orig posted Wednesday, February 17, 2010 - 10:30 AM
17 - All in the family Helsel-Killion Family Recipe Book
18 - Nashville - who, what, when & why
19 - Family News -What's the latest
20 - Family news- what's the latest
21 - What's going on in the family
22 - Family pics for family website & blog
23 - Family new arrivals - Steve & Christine
24 - New Family Arrivals - Doug & Steph - new grandparents
25 - Nashville 4th of July & downtown parking

Items

1 - Timothy David Haviland

Hey everyone Brian & Christina have had a new little one. We've got pic's and a weight, but no idea when he was born. He was born at 5 lbs. 1 ounce

Date: Sat, 16 Oct 2010 23:09:00 +0000

2 - Time to reserve your room for Nashville

Dear Family,

It's time to start reserving your rooms & get down to business. Following is the detailed info as how to go about doing so at the discounted rate reserved for our group.

This offer is available for a limited time only, so don't miss out! Waiting until April 2011 will cost you your discount.

To make reservations, you will need to call

1-800-251-1856

1-615-244-6900

You will need to let them know that you are with the Helsel-Killion Family reunion reserved under the name of Jennifer Lane & A Memory Lane Event

Again failure to use the secret password of Helsel-Killion Family reunion reserved under the name of Jennifer Lane & A Memory Lane Event will cost you an additional $80 or more per night, depending upon the room you want.

Our discounted room rates are as follows:

Room rates $80 plus taxes & fees per night/ per room.

We've been able to reserve this rate for three days before & 3 days after the reunion, if you want to come early or stay late. However the night of 7/4/2011 may be at the regular rate, due to it being a holiday.

How can you stay caught up with the family between reunions?

Do you want to chat with family, see their newest pic's and know what the hap's are at any time. Check out the Face- book page here or by clicking on the button. Maybe you want to know about the extra activities planned throughout the weekend. That's found on FB. Everyone can post,add pic's and make comments on the discussion page. You do need to have a Facebook page to play.

Want more detailed info regarding Nashville tours, games to play with the family, family prayer requests, family parties that you're invited to & the all important trivia?

Check out the blog for all of these details & more here or by clicking the button.

Save 46% on all rooms reserved with the special password

Check out the family website to see the hotel's guest room amenities and facility amenities. Get to the family website here.

What's there to do?

Haven't checked out all the stuff there is to do in Nashville? Check that outhere

Got kids. No worries.

Check this out.

Have you Purchased your meals for the Vaca-Union?

You must purchase your meals early to be counted by when we have to give the reservation to the caterer.

If you haven't purchased them yet or want to purchase them for other family members as a gift. Email Sharon.

Request an invoice, be sure to note for how many adults & how many kids or what % off the total that you want to make your payment or gift. Sharon will send you a Pay-Pal invoice for you to pay. There is a small handling fee for the Pay-Pal service, but you can use a credit card, if you would like. Can't remember what we're eating for dinners & our Sunday lunch. You can check that out here. It's found about 1/2 down the page. All meal reservations & payment are due to the caterer by February 16, 2011. If you haven't paid your meals by then, there is an additional $15 per person to be included.

The cost for family meals are as follows.

Adults are $90/

kids 12 & under are $45

plus the small handling fee.

Don't have a Pay-Pal account.

They are free. Need to set one up. Do that here.

Have you voted?

Your vote counts,place your ballots here

Need to get your family favorite recipes to us to be included in the family cook book that will be available in Nashville.

Email them to Jenn

Can't wait to see all of you there & experience all of the fun that Nashville & our committee has planned for us.

Remember to sleep before you get there. Once you do get there, there's not much time for sleeping if you're joining us for all of the activities we have to offer.

Hugs & Kisses,

Jenn, Steven & Christina, Bonnie & Brian, Brian & Shannon

Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2010 19:11:00 +0000

3 - 100 years ago 1910 vs 2010

The year is 1910
One hundred years ago.
What a difference a century makes!
Here are some statistics for the Year 1910:

The average life expectancy for men was 47 years.

Fuel for this car was sold in drug stores only.

Only 14 percent of the homes had a bathtub.

Only 8 percent of the homes had a telephone.

There were only 8,000 cars and only 144 miles of paved roads.

The maximum speed limit in most cities was 10 mph.

The tallest structure in the world was the Eiffel Tower !

The average US wage in 1910 was 22 cents per hour.

The average US worker made between $200 and $400 per year ..

A competent accountant could expect to earn $2000 per year,
A dentist $2,500 per year, a veterinarian between $1,500 and $4,000 per year, and a mechanical engineer about $5,000 per year.

More than 95 percent of all births took place at HOME .

Ninety percent of all Doctors had NO COLLEGE EDUCATION!

Instead, they attended so-called medical schools, many of which

Were condemned in the press AND the government as 'substandard.'

Sugar cost four cents a pound.

Eggs were fourteen cents a dozen.

Coffee was fifteen cents a pound.

Most women only washed their hair once a month, and used Borax or egg yolks for shampoo.

Canada passed a law that prohibited poor people from entering into their country for any reason.

The Five leading causes of death were:

Pneumonia and influenza
Tuberculosis
Diarrhea
Heart disease
Stroke

The American flag had 45 stars .

The population of Las Vegas , Nevada , was only 30!!!!

Crossword puzzles, canned beer, and iced tea hadn't been invented yet.

There was no Mother's Day or Father's Day.

Two out of every 10 adults couldn't read or write and

Only 6 percent of all Americans had graduated from high school..

Marijuana, heroin, and morphine were all available over the counter at the local corner drugstores.

Back then pharmacists said, 'Heroin clears the complexion, gives buoyancy to the mind,

Regulates the stomach and bowels, and is, in fact, a perfect guardian of health, shocking isn't it?

Eighteen percent of households had at least one full-time servant or domestic help ....

There were about 230 reported murders in the ENTIRE U.S.A. !

I am now going to forward this to someone else without typing it myself.
From there, it will be sent to others all over the WORLD - all in a matter of seconds!

Try to imagine what it may be like in another 100 years. IT STAGGERS THE MIND

Date: Wed, 30 Jun 2010 15:43:00 +0000

4 - June 2010 - What's the hap's for the family reunion in Nashville

Dear Family,

Thank you for being interested in what's happening at Helsel-Killion Vaca-Union.

We have lots of exciting news to share.

Personal side note. I’m ready. I’m ready, I’m ready. Why is it still a year away?

First, we now have a family FaceBook page, lots of info is shared on FaceBook in short spurts compared to longer posts on the blog. You can post pic's & video on FaceBook. I have to say, it’s been awesome getting to know more about Laurel who I’ve only gotten to see twice in my life and have just recently gotten to talk with and get to know better. You’ll want to be sure to check out the discussion tab on the FB page. You can also RSVP to different events that we have going on at the Vaca-Union in Nashville. We have a few discussions going on the Facebook page one of which includes a getting to know you better topic. Please be sure to add your comments to the discussion.

Of course we've still got the family website with all the info you could possibly want to know about Nashville, the Vaca-Union and what to expect upon arrival in Nashville.The pic's below are all linked to these locations so you can bookmark them in your computer.

The committees recipe for the Nashville Vaca-Union:

* Place 40 lbs of each of the following ingredients into a conference room with
75 or so relatives in a conference room.

the 1970’s Carol Burnett Show,
the 1990’s In Living Color Comedy Show,
the 1990’s Who’s Line is it Anyway;
the current ICarly show and
the latest Country Music Award Ceremony.

Mix them all together until of a crumbly consistency, then add

* a couple bushels shifted side splitting fun;

* ½ pound firmly packed mind-blowing entertainment;

* 56 gallons rowdiness;

* ¼ pound pulling your leg;

* A few hrs and a sprinkling of chit chat;

* 1½ cups constant jokes cracking ;

* 2 cups song & Worship; and

* a big pinch of surprises at every turn.

Mix well until of a cookie dough consistency. Cover & let rest in the air conditioned conference room for an hour.

* Take out and roll into small 1” round balls. Roll the balls in hearty laughter.

* Wrap it all up with a party bow and bake in the sun for 3 days.

That should give you an idea as to what to expect upon arriving and on a daily
basis for the “family dinner meetings”. There’s a good chance that you’ll catch a case
of the 3 day giggles, whether you planned to or not. We’re heading to Nashville to have
serious fun as a family, not be serious. So be sure to pack your funny bone and sense of humor.

Grandma Joanne says it sounds like a triathlon. If it does to you too, we suggest that you
bring tennis shoes, a water bottle and then just keep a steady pace. No sprinting, we don't
want you to tucker out before the end of Sunday.

Family Meals

Now is the time to be placing your dinner & lunch reservations for the family meals in Nashville. We realize
that it may seem early, however, spacing out payments for
items is less of a wallop to the pocket book then all at once. Email Sharon for an invoice for the amount that you want to
put towards meals, partial or full payment. She'll send you a PAY-PAL invoice.

Friday, Saturday & Sunday night as a family we’re
going to be enjoying dinner together. We'll also be having lunch together on Sunday. Be sure to check out the website, which is linked with the picture of the Grandma's, to get the menu for our family meals.

Adult meals will cost $90 per individual; children meals will be $45 per individual. There will be a
small handling fee. You’ll be purchasing meals through Pay-Pal and will need to email Sharon

to request an invoice.   Those who want to purchase a portion or purchase meals in their entirety for family members for Birthday, anniversary,
Christmas or other important events can do so following the same procedure.
A gift card will be sent to your loved one showing the amount of your gift and that it was purchased by you.   Purchasing meals in advance of reserving your room or your reservations for tours will help to ease financial burden since you can space them out over time.   You’ll be on your own for breakfasts & lunch on Friday & Saturday. The hotel offers complimentary breakfast downstairs in the mornings for their guests.

Nashville Tours

We on the committee want you to come & have a great time doing the things that interest you and fit your budget you’re while in Nashville, however we also want you to attend the family dinners, the family Olympics, events & activities. We’ve planned family fun for every age, from those who are crawling/toddling all the way through those who are needing the use of walkers & wheelchairs. We paid special attention to the tweens, teens & young adults of the group so that everyone will have a great time, regardless of the time of day!
Check out the Got kids page on the family website for tours & activities for those 12 & under.
Go Here! Tweens, teens, young adults & adults are included on the same page. Click here.
You can found all the tours, including the Civil War Tours available in Nashville on the family website. Civil War tour, click here. There’s so much to do in Nashville for every age & interest that
I want to stay at least a month & even then it wouldn’t be enough time to see everything that I want to see. My family and I are staying for a week so we can see as much as possible during the vaca-time that we have.   Be sure to check out the tours on the website to see which interests you
and your family. Remember that we’ve done research on a majority of them so you can get the
details on which tours involve long distance walking, hiking, or climbing, and which ones are
listed as handicap accessible, which ones are geared towards kids, teens etc. We wanted to give
you as much info as possible so you can make educated decisions on which tours interest you and your families.   Tours that can be found in Nashville include everything from duck boat tours, the Rhyman, General Jackson Show Boat, working Plantations, Military History Branch Museum,
Cooter's Place, Underground Rail Road Tours, Bus Tours & planetariums, just to name a few
of the fun and entertaining tours that you can go on.

Voting

There is a voting page located on the family website. Click here to Vote.There are several items
that as a family we’ll be voting on. These include where the 2013 reunion will be held, what
types of activities you want to include in the 2013 reunion.

Family Blog

The blog contains more detailed information about Nashville. Items such as where to park downtown, parking rates, cab rates, det’s on some of the tours, which ones require lots of walking, hiking, or may be more suited to younger folks, also those that require advance reservations.
We’ve also included info on the Christian bookstores and museums that can be found in Nashville.
A definite don’t miss. Also found on the blog are family prayer requests, new arrivals in the family, info such as who’s doing what, i.e. Spencer’s trip to France and his and Ashley’s graduation from high school last month, prom pic’s and games that we can play together. Also found on the blog
is the trivia that you’ll want to know the answers to in Nashville.Make it a point to add info & items
to the blog as well. Everyone can add items such as comments, pictures to both the Family Facebook page and the blog.

We’re still missing several pic’s from many families. Please be sure to add your pic’s. If you
don’t have digital pic’s that you can load to FB or email to us to add to the website, please mail
us the original. Between Sharon & I we can scan them into a digital format that we can use to put
on FB & the website.

Family recipes

Remember to email us 1-5 family favorite recipes. Be sure to include of course ingredients
and directions. We’ll also need your name and if there are any cute stories that go with your
recipes, that you’d like to share with the family, we’d like those too. We need your recipes no later then December 30, 2010 to be included in the book that will be available at the Vaca-Union in Nashville. Email your recipes toJennifer@amemorylaneevent.com. Thanks to Aunt Janice,
Aunt Laurel, Marshall, Melissa, Amy & Jenn (a/k/a Amifer) for forwarding several amazing recipes
for us already. We’re looking forward to an amazing collections of everyone’s fave’s
that we can make once we make it home. If you’d rather not email them, you can mail them to
Jennifer @ AMLE/Jennifer Lane 7332 S. Yarrow Way, Littleton CO 80128.
Thanks in advance for participating.

Photo Family Tree

We’re doing a family tree that includes everyone’s photo. In the past, we’ve had a hard time figuring out how everyone fits in the family and since we don’t all know each other all that well, just having the typed name, isn’t all that helpful. We thought the best way to accomplish this was by having the name and a picture of each individual while following the family line. Please get us a pic of your immediate either to the family face book page or email Jenn a pic so we can get them on the family tree. Please include each of your names, ages in the order seen in the pic. Of course significant other’s are considered part of family. We’re looking forward to seeing your most recent pic’s of you and your families.

What’s Nashville Star Exactly?

We’re planning a very special event at the Nashville Vaca-Union that you’ll need to do advance preparation for. This event is called Nashville Star and is a look a like contest of your favorite stars that are associated with Nashville. On Saturday 7/2/11 you’ll come to the family dinner Olympics dressed as your favorite Nashville Star with a pic of that star so that the family can vote on their favorites and the closest to the original. We have a list of over 200 stars, complete with what they
are known for & includes actors, actresses, War hero’s, country music signers, race car drivers and many more. You’re sure to find a favorite. You can get to this list here or you can find the link
on the family website. We can’t wait to see who you’ve decided to be. I’ve been able to narrow
my list to 3.

Nashville Schedule

In the morning until 5 pm you’ll be on your own to tour Nashville.

Friday Night starts at 5 pm in the Ramada Inn’s conference room with dinner followed by family Olympics events and activities.
At 9-9:30 Grandma Joanne will be leading us in bible study;

Beginning at 9:30-10 pm Red, White & Blue Pool Party will be taking place in the hotels pool while there will also be chit chatting & games in the conference room for those who would rather be quieter;

10pm –early morning additional kids, tweens, teens & young adult Olympic games &
Wii tournaments. Bring your Wii player & favorite game to share.

10pm-early morning – for those who want to see & experience Nashville Nightlife, we’ll
head to Music row &/or downtown.

Saturday
In the morning until 6 pm you’ll be on your own to tour Nashville.
starts at 6pm in the Ramada Inn’s conference room with dinner followed by family
Olympic games, events & activities, including the Nashville Star event.

At 9-9:30 Grandma Joanne will be leading us in bible study;

Beginning at 9:30-10 pm Red, White & Blue Pool Party while there will be chit chatting &
games in the conference room for those who would rather be quieter;

10pm –early morning additional kids, tweens, teens & young adult Olympic games &
Wii tournaments. Bring your Wii player & favorite game to share.

10pm-early morning – for those who want to see & experience Nashville Nightlife, we’ll
head to Music row &/or downtown.

Sunday church starts at 11 am in the Ramada Inn Conference room – led by Uncle Rev. Steve Killion. After wards we’ll be having lunch together. After lunch until 6 pm you’ll be on your own to tour Nashville.

6pm dinner will start in the Ramada’s conference room immediately followed by the family awards ceremony. Awards, metals & trophies will be handed out to the winners of the Olympic games, events and activities taking place throughout the weekend. Everyone will be voting to decide the winners. Remember that you’ll need to attend the family events in order to gain points towards
metals, awards and trophies that the family will be voting on &
handed out on Sunday.

Would you be willing to help?

We are looking for volunteers to assist in the overseeing of the Red, White & Blue Pool Party
on both Friday and Saturday night between 9:30-10pm. We need one volunteer per night. We also need 1-2 volunteers per night to check in on the tweens, teens, and young adults during the Olympic games & Wii tournaments on Friday & Saturday night between 10pm &
midnight/1am. Remember to bring your Wii player and favorite game to share!

Is there any one who would be staying in a room by themselves that would be willing to take a room mate to share costs of the hotel room. Is this applies to you, please let Jenn know

Ya'll Come Back Now Hear! We can't wait to see all of you in Nashville.

Jenn, Steve & Christine, Brian & Shannon & Bonnie

Date: Sat, 26 Jun 2010 20:17:00 +0000

5 - How should all phones in A merica be answered?

Just how should ALL phones SHOULD be answered?

GOOD MORNING, WELCOME TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA , a Christian nation of the free and the home of the brave. How may I help you?

Press
1 for English.
Press
2 to disconnect until you learn to speak English

And remember only two defining forces have ever Offered to die for you,
Jesus Christ And the American Soldier.

One died for your soul, The other for your freedom.

Thanks so much for all of our family member's who are military. We love & support you.

Date: Thu, 20 May 2010 14:33:00 +0000

6 - The Good Napkins

I received this joke & thought it was too awesome not to share.

THE GOOD NAPKINS...

Ahhhhh… the joys of having Girls...

My mother taught me to read when I was four years old (her first mistake). One day, I was in the bathroom and noticed one of the cabinet doors was ajar. I read the box in the cabinet. I then asked my mother why she was keeping ''napkins' in the bathroom.
Didn't they belong in the kitchen?

Not wanting to burden me with unnecessary facts, she told me that those were for 'special occasions' (her second mistake).

Now fast forward a few months....It's Christmas Day, and my folks are leaving to pick up my uncle and his wife for dinner. Mom had assignments for all of us while they were gone. Mine was to set the table.

When they returned, my uncle came in first and immediately burst into laughter. Next came, his wife who gasped, then began giggling. Next came, my father who roared with laughter. Then Mom came in and almost died of embarrassment when she saw each place setting on the table with a 'special occasion' Kotex napkin at each plate with the fork carefully arranged on top. I had even tucked the little tail in so they didn't hang off the edge!!

My mother asked me why I used these and, of course, my response sent the other adults into further fits of laughter. 'But, Mom, you said they were for special occasions!!! lol

Date: Thu, 22 Apr 2010 14:04:00 +0000

7 - Nashville Trivia for Family Reunion

What 3 US Presidents were born in TN? - (bonus - yrs served) Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837 James K. Polk - 1845-1849 & Andrew Johnson 1865-69

What famous Nashville candy is made of chocolate, caramel, marshmallows & peanuts? Goo Goo Clusters

Who is the only country music recording artist to be elected in the Country Music Hall of Fame, twice? Roy Rogers

What is the price that appears on the price tag of Minnie Pearl’s hat? $1.98 Bonus - real name - Sarah Ophelia Colley.

What do Kenny Chesney & Davy Crockett have in common? Born in TN. Chesney - Knoxville 3/26/68 & Crockett 8/17/1786 on banks of Nolichucky Rover near Limestone Crk

What TN City still handles 1/3 of the American cotton crop each year? Memphis

The Grand Ole Opry is the longest continuously running live radio program in the world. In what year was the program first aired? 1925 on Fri & Sat nights On what Eve was Nashville founded? Christmas Eve 1779

What actress-singer was the first women to serve on the board of Directors of the Singer Sewing Machine Company? Polly Bergen

Name 3 famous married couples who also happen to be famous country music recording artists. Johnny Cash & June Carter, Tim McGraw & Faith Hill, Garth Brooks & Trisha Yearwood

Coca-Cola was 1st bottled where in TN after 2 local attorneys purchased the bottling rights for $1? Chattanooga

What age was Tayna Tucker when she recorded Delta Dawn? 1972 @ 13

What country music entertainers went into the sausage business? Jimmy Dean & George Jones

Nashville is the Capital of TN. Two famous architect’s worked together to build the Capital. What are their names and where are they buried? Inside the walls of the capital in the foundation of the North wall; William Strickland & Samuel Morgan

At what ages did Dolly start appearing on Knoxville TV followed by recording on a small label and appearing at the Grand Ole Opry? 12 & 13

Who is the #1 - Top women recording artist of all time? Patsy Cline

Rebel flag actually doesn’t stand for hate; what does it stand for? Heritage not hate. There is so much more to the history of the Southern American way of life than just a flag and slavery.

South calls the Civil War a different name, what name? War of North Aggression

What are the top 4 locations in Nashville that are considered haunted? Ryman Auditorium, Hurricane Mills, The Hermiatage, State Capital Building.

What are the colors of the Nashville Flag? royal blue & yellow

What are the colors of the TN flag? royal blue & red

Date: Fri, 16 Apr 2010 00:12:00 +0000

8 - Nashville Attractions to get you started

Nashville Attractions & Activities

Nashville Grotto Cave Trips
Address: 800 Fort Negley Blvd, Adventure Science Center, Nashville, TN 37203

Tight spaces, dark quarters, damp conditions – caving is a pursuit that's not for everyone. Hardcore enthusiasts most appreciate its appeal, and they're a tight-knit group. Tennessee boasts numerous opportunities to explore underground structures, and the Nashville Grotto of the National Speleological Society often organizes expeditions to local sites. It's a members-only organization that caters to dedicated participants. If you're serious about becoming involved, Nashville Grotto holds meetings the first Thursday of each month at Adventure Science Center.

Nashville & Franklin TN were big turning points in the Civil War. Most locations are still in tact. To see the sites there is some driving & hiking on hills & rocky paths involved in seeing some of them. Some places are free while others have fees between $2-16 to see. If you love US history you won't want to miss these.

Nashville Children's Theater
724 2nd Ave S, Nashville, TN 37210 615-254-9103 · FAX: 615-301-6559

Founded in 1931, NCT is the oldest professional theater in America devoted to kids. It offers a full line-up of year-round stage productions and educational programs for children and families, not to mention a fabulous charity event for adults every December that features some of Music City's most celebrated country artists.

Music Row

Attractions in Music Valley: Opryland Hotel & Gardens, General Jackson Riverboat, Grand Ole Golf, Grand Ole Opry House & Museum, Grand Ole Opry Museum, Imax Theatre & Music Valley Wax Museum, Nashville Nightlife, Nashville Palace, Opryland Hotel & Gardens, Opry Mills Mall,

Downtown - what's in the District

Downtown: The District You'll find the visitors center, the key to locating all the activities that you want to see. But these activities are located downtown. I'm just not sure exactly where to find them.

Trolley
Duck Tour
Belmont Mansion - outskirts of downtown
The Ryman
Belle Meade Plantation - outskirts of downtown
Fort Nashborough
Country Music Hall of Fame
Nashville Sounds - Baseball
Bicentennial Mall State Park - (4 parks/historic sites are within this park)
Nashville City Cemetery
The Parthenon
Several bars/restaurants - these are combined for the most part in Nashville
First Center for the Visual Arts,
Laser Qwest
Symphony Center
Writer's Stage
Hockey Stadium
Charlie Daniels Museum

Ton's of shopping including the Christian Bookstore

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:22:00 +0000

9 - Nashville's All Access pass - cost savings for some activities/ tours

So I've checked the pricing for the tours listed as available w/ the visitors pass against the at the door price for the ticket. Again, I strongly recommend getting this pass for adults. Not cost saving on kids. The pass saves you money on the entrance fees for the following locations listed on the pass that you can take. Again the pass is $45 for ea. pass. Each pass is good for 4 activities. There's a list of 15 tours/activities that you can use the pass for. If you take 4 tours total off the pass it's averages $11.45 for each tour. Kids pricing ranges between $3-17 for ea tour. that is available with the pass. Therefore it isn't always recommend to buy a pass for the kids. check kids prices for your little one's age group before you make that decision.

Country Music Hall of Fame at the door price is $20. General Jackson Show Boat is between $50-100 per person (outer deck only available w/ pass); Hermitage $17; Historic RCA Studio (must be combined w/ Country Music Hall of Fame) and is an additional $12.95; Duck Tour - adult $20.; Musicians Hall of Fame at the door price $15; Nashville Shores is between $25 & $17; Zoo for an adult is $14; Ryman at the door entrance fee is $15.

These tours available through the pass cost $10 at the door for an adult. Traveller's Rest Plantation & Museum, Adventurer Science Center, Belmont Mansion, Cheekwood. I can't find a phone number or any way to purchase in advance tickets for the Gaylord Opryland Resort "Delta River Boat Tour" so I've got no clue.

Examples:

If you've decided to take the Belle Meade Plantation; Country Music Hall of Fame; the Duck Tour and going to Nashville Shores w/o the access pass would be $80 for one adult. Purchasing the pass & using it means you'd pay $45. If you've got a child with you (12 yrs of age); doing the same tours $51. w/o the pass; with the pass $45.

However, say you've decided to go to Cheekwood, Belmont Mansion, the Zoo and the Duck Tour. An adult with out the pass would be $54; a child 12 yrs of age would be $26. So before deciding if it is advantageous to purchase an all access ticket for your child, decide which tours you want to do and check the price at the door for their age group.

Nashville's Vistor's Center - Tour pass

This is the best deal, that I've seen, it includes quite a few of the places that I'm dying to see. Each pass is $45 and includes any of the 4 tours/places to see in the purchase of the pass. Then you also get $50 off any purchase over $100 at the Music Center. I need three of these passes just to be able to see most of the places that I want to see. It's well worth the $45 per pass. It comes out to $11.25 per tour/adventure. If you've got kids under 12, I'd purchase one for the adults in your group & pay the children's rate. Most of the kids tour prices are under $10. You'll have to drive to each of these locations that you want to visit, there's not a bus that will pick you up.

Adventure Science Center
It's an amazing, original, scientific adventure! Make your way Down the Hatch to The Heart of It All, BrainStorm Theater, Body Battles, and other interactive exhibits in BodyQuest, as you learn how the body works. Experience the Adventure Tower, BlueMax and more!

Belle Meade Plantation
Come visit the stables where the bloodlines of such legendary race horses as Funny Cide, Secretariat, Giacomo and Seabiscuit began. Once a world-renowned Thoroughbred horse farm, today Belle Meade Plantation offers daily tours of the 1853 Greek Revival mansion conducted by guides in period costumes. Museum store and restaurant on site.

Belmont Mansion
Completed in 1853 by Adelicia Acklen, Belmont was recognized as one of the most elaborate and unusual homes in the South. Your hour-long, personally guided tour will also include Adelicia's fascinating story as a woman far ahead of her time. The lavish furnishings, art and statuary are an exemplary early Victorian collection.

Cheekwood
Named a "Top Five Must-See Southern Garden" by Southern Living, this 55-acre historic estate and botanical garden was built by the heirs to the Maxwell House Coffee fortune in 1932. Cheekwood's world-class Museum of Art is housed in the Georgian-style mansion, with a restaurant and gift shop on site.

Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
There's plenty to do inside the world's largest music museum. This isn't just a museum, it's an experience - an exciting and entertaining destination with something for everyone. Don't miss the newest exhibits and visitor enhancements and the self-guided Celebrity Audio Tour. Then tour Historic RCA Studio B, where Elvis Presley and others recorded over 35,000 songs (RCA Studio B not included on Total Access Pass). Shop at the Museum Store and savor made-from-scratch meals at SoBro Grill.

The Delta Riverboat Company
Gaylord Opryland Resort
Every day is a good day to go boating at the Gaylord Opryland Resort. The Delta Riverboat Company travels down a scenic river that winds through a 4.5-acre indoor garden. The Old Hickory Steakhouse, the 85-foot Delta fountain and three different waterfalls await you.

Frist Center for the Visual Arts
Enjoy ever-changing, inspiring visual art from around the world, hands-on activities in our ArtQuest Gallery and exciting educational programs. It's a place for everyone to explore, learn and create.

General Jackson Showboat Outer Deck Cruise
Take a midday or evening cruise down the Cumberland River on a 300-foot paddlewheel riverboat. Enjoy live entertainment on the outer decks.

The Hermitage, Home of President Andrew Jackson
Experience real American pride at the home of our nation's seventh President. Touch the lives of Andrew Jackson, his family, and slaves on this 1837 farm, with tours led by guides in period costumes. Explore the recently reopened slave cabins, the exhibit gallery and personal collections of the family and slaves. Seasonal tours include Farm and Garden, Archaeology, Horse-Drawn Wagon, and Holiday.

Historic RCA Studio B
Upgrade your Country Music Hall of Fame® and Museum experience by adding on Historic RCA Studio B. As Music City’s only studio tour, Studio B provides a glimpse into the heart of Nashville music-making during one of its most exciting and classic periods. This studio is the birthplace of hits by Elvis Presley, Dolly Parton, Charley Pride and many more. (Requires a second Total Access ticket and can only be used in conjunction with the Museum.)

Music City Duck Tours
Historic Land Tour of Downtown Nashville in an authentic World War ll DUKW vehicle. Tickets can be purchased online or inside the Charlie Daniels Museum and Gift Shop on 2nd Avenue. A Great Way to See Nashville and Guaranteed for Lots of Laughs and Fun!

Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum
Rock, pop, soul, country, blues and jazz all in one place! The Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum plays homage to the talented musicians, whether in the limelight or from behind the scenes, and showcases the very instruments they played on the greatest recordings of all time.

Nashville Shores Water Park
Dive into summer and splash the day away at Nashville Shores Water Park. Nashville Shore features eight huge waterslides, The Hippo, the world's largest freestyle slide, three pools, Kayak Cove, Parker Sandbox, an Aqua Park, thousands of feet of white, sandy beach, and a "Giant Bucket of Fun" that pours hundreds of gallons of water on kids of all ages. For those who prefer staying dry, Nashville Shores offers free lake cruises onboard the Nashville Shoreliner, miniature golf, volleyball, Frisbee, horseshoes and much more.

Nashville Zoo at Grassmere
Nashville Zoo will transport you to the African Plains, the Cajun Bayou, event to the bamboo forests of Asia! Come visit and explore all of the new exhibits. In one day you can see red river hogs wallow in mud, Masai giraffes munch on leaves, and 20 alligators glide through water. Climb on the humongous Jungle Gym and explore the Unseen New World. Enjoy Critter Encounters, take a whirl on the Wild Animal Carousel and see animals from all over the world! Nashville Zoo offers a little bit of everything and is one adventure you don't want to miss.

Ryman Auditorium
Take a little journey through entertainment history with a daytime tour of the Ryman Auditorium, the most famous former home of the Grand Ole Opry. Learn about the people and events that shaped the Ryman's past and present and step onto the historic stage to have your photo taken. Experience the unique atmosphere of this premier performance hall that continues to attract world class artists ranging from country legends to rock and pop favorites.

Travellers Rest Plantation & Museum
Once the home of John Overton, state Supreme Court Judge and founder of Memphis, Travellers Rest has been faithfully restored to its 1830s appearance. The house also served as Confederate headquarters during the 1864 Battle of Nashville.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:19:00 +0000

10 - Nashville Civil War Tour

Shelby Bottom Nature Center
Every angler dreams of a rod-bending fight with a monster fish. And someday soon, fisherman on the Cumberland River may be telling stories about hooking a lengthy lake sturgeon. This Friday, another 75 lake sturgeon will be released by Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency into the waters near downtown Nashville. This will be the second major release of these fish into the Cumberland River as part of a plan to replicate the successful reintroduction of lake sturgeon into the upper Tennessee River near Knoxville. The 810-acre Shelby Bottoms Greenway and Nature Park is located in East Nashville adjacent to Shelby Park. With approximately three miles of Cumberland River frontage and twelve miles of trail, this area features bottomland hardwood forests, open fields, wetlands and streams and excellent habitat for birds, amphibians and more. The Shelby Bottoms Nature Center, which opened 1 December 2007, is a great place to begin your visit to the Park. Pick up a map, talk to a naturalist, learn about the natural history and history of the area, get a view of the Cumberland River, or get a program schedule of upcoming events. Learn about a “green roof”, see how a “waterless urinal” works and view other sustainable features of this new facility. Programs are offered year-round on a variety of topics. Hours: Tuesday – Friday, 12 noon to 4:00 pm Saturday, 9:00 am – 4:00 pm Sunday and Monday, Closed Shelby Bottoms is open 7 days a week from daylight until dusk.

Fort Nashborough - Named for Revolutionary War hero Francis Nash, this reproduction of the original settlement stands on a bluff overlooking the Cumberland River. On January 1, 1780, Nashville was founded when James Robertson led his group of pioneers across the frozen Cumberland river to a place called The Cedar Bluffs. It was here that these men built a fort called Nashborough which would be shelter for the first families until Indian attacks ended in 1792. HOURS: Self-guided tours daily from 9:00am to 4:00pm. ADMISSION: FREE   LOCATION: Riverfront Park, downtown Nashville.

Two Rivers Mansion - The last of the elaborate antebellum plantation homes to be built in Middle Tennessee, this mansion was erected on the eve of the Civil War in the fertile valley between the Stones and Cumberland Rivers. Two Rivers Mansion is located at 3130 McGavock Pike, between Two Rivers Middle School and McGavock High School. (615) 885-1112. This is a rentable facility only at this point & you can’t tour it, but you can take pic’s.

Nashville City Cemetery - Located at 1001 Fourth Avenue south, this is the oldest remaining public cemetery in Nashville, and is one of few Tennessee cemeteries listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Opened in 1822, the City Cemetery is the oldest continuously operated public cemetery in Nashville. A walk through the cemetery is truly a walk through Nashville's history. The gravestones tell the stories of individuals and families from the 1820s to the present day. In response to the disrepair, vandalism, and neglect over many decades, former Mayor Bill Purcell and the 2007 Metro Council approved the Mayor's Capital Budget request for a $3M project to restore the City Cemetery. Many exciting and noticeable improvements are in progress. Nashville City Cemetery is located at 1001 Fourth Avenue South, at the corner of Fourth Avenue South and Oak Street. The Nashville City Cemetery is open from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. seven days a week, all year. Because of a limited number of park patrol officers, there have been (rare) occasions of the gates not being opened or closed at the designated time. Should that happen, please call the Board of Parks at (615) 862-8400 in order that someone is immediately sent to open the Cemetery. There are signs within the Cemetery and an informational board in the breezeway of the Keeble Building to assist visitors with self-guided tours.

Fort Negley A unique "star" designed Union fort from the Civil War. Fort Negley was the largest and most important of the fortifications built by Union forces after Nashville fell in 1862.   Explore Nashville’s Civil War History at Fort Negley. Come into the Visitors Center and learn how the Union Army captured Nashville in 1862 as you watch the film The Fall of Nashville. The river, turnpikes, and railroads had spurred the growth of the city from its beginnings. The Union Army occupied the city to control these transportation routes. Almost overnight, Nashville was transformed into the Union Army’s major supply depot for the Western Theater of the war.   Learn the story of the 2,768 people who built Negley. It was the largest of a group of forts built by the Union, and the largest inland masonry fort built during the Civil War. It was 600 feet long, 300 feet wide, and covered four acres of land. The workers lived in a contraband camp on the northeast side of the worksite, and were both free blacks and slaves who had been conscripted by the Union to serve as laborers. Between 600 and 800 died during the construction, and only 310 ever received pay. See photos of Nashville during the Occupation and learn about the Fort’s architecture and artillery with interactive displays. A kiosk in the lobby provides a link to the National Park Service’s Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System where you can search for your Civil War ancestors. Walk up the hill to the remains of Fort Negley. Enter through the sally port used by Union troops, gaze to the south from the observation deck, and imagine the lives of the men who worked and fought here and the citizens of Nashville whose lives would never be the same. Tuesday - Saturday, 9:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. The gates of Fort Negley are open daily from Dawn to Dusk and is accessible when the Visitors Center is closed. Site Rules Fort Negley is a sensitive and fragile historic site. By abiding by these requirements, you help ensure the fort is protected for future generations. Metal detectors, relic hunting and digging are strictly prohibited. Violators will be prosecuted. (Metro Ordinances 11.24.30, 13.24.490)   Stay on designated paths and boardwalks. Do not climb on or otherwise disturb stonework. Some walls are unstable. Disturbing them puts your safety—and the integrity of the site—at risk. Drugs and alcohol are prohibited. Please place all trash in containers or carry it with you.    Group Tours Fort Negley staff offers guided tours of the fort for groups for FREE during visitor center operating hours. Minimum group of 15 persons required, maximum 60. The paved path to and from the fort is one-half mile in length and includes some steep inclines. Reservations required. Allow 45 minutes to 1 hour. Tour guidelines: Guided tours are available Tuesday through Saturday 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. Please make reservations at least one month in advance. We may be unable to accommodate groups that arrive without a reservation.   Arrive on time.   Please call if arriving late or cancelling No backpacks, drinks, food, or gum allowed in the Visitors Center. Make a Reservation!! Contact Fort Negley staff at (615) 862-8470 fortnegley@nashville.gov.

Battle of Franklin – Tour of Cater House & Carnton Plantation $60/ 6 hrs Hours of Operation Monday thru Saturday - 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday – 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Admission Prices: Adults: $12.00; Seniors (over 65): $10.00; Children 6 – 12: $5.00 Children under 5: free Grounds tour only: $5.00 615-794-0903 The Decisive Battle of Nashville: Unfortunately, there is no National Battlefield or "battlefield park" for the 1864 Battle of Nashville. What was once the battlefield is now residential and commercial development south and west of the downtown area. There are, however, several historic sites relating directly or indirectly to the battle and the period of Union occupation of the city during the war. We encourage you to visit these sites, most of which are free or open to the public for a nominal fee. Directions from Nashville: Our address is 1345 Carnton Lane, Franklin, TN, 37064. From Nashville drive south on Interstate 65 to Highway 96, or Exit 65. At that exit take a right onto Highway 96 and drive west for about three-fourths of a mile. Next take a left onto Mack Hatcher Parkway and head south. At the second traffic light, take a right onto Highway 431. Drive for about three-fourths of a mile and you will see a sign for Carnton. Take a left onto Carnton Lane, drive thru Heath Place subdivision, and take the gravel road up to the historic home.

Antebellum Mansions Used As Headquarters: Belle Meade Plantation Headquarters for Confederate Gen. Chalmers of Forrest's command, site of cavalry-infantry skirmish.   Belmont Mansion Union Gen. Woods' headquarters, the palatial home of socialite Adelicia Acklen, one of the wealthiest women in America. Headquarters for Gen. John B. Hood, Confederate commander, prior to the battle. Website: www.bonps.org/tour/traveler’srest.htm

Union Fortifications, Positions: Bald Hill / Love Circle Overlook Right flank of Union fortifications and good view of the battleground area. State Capitol / Union Fort Johnson The newly built State Capitol, looking like a Greek temple, was fortified by the occupying Federals. Union Fort Negley Largest inland stone fort built during the war. Guns opened Battle of Nashville. City Reservoir / Union Blockhouse Casino Site was part of extensive Federal fortifications. Confederate Fortifications, Positions: Confederate Redoubt No. 1 Site of small fort anchoring left flank of Confederate main line prior to the battle. Redoubt No. 1 is a lot located in a residential section on Benham Road, off Belmont Blvd., a short distance east of the Hillsboro Road intersection. Hillsboro Road is readily accessible from I-440. Redoubt No. 1 is open to the public dawn to dusk free of charge. Parking space is minimal however. Shy's Hill The Federals made their critical breakthrough here, precipitating the massive Confederate retreat. Kelley's Battery at Bell's Bend Site of engagements between Confederate cavalry armed with artillery and Union gunboats prior to the battle. Stewart's Stone Wall Confederates lined behind this extant stone fence the second day of battle.

Museums, Monuments, and Signage: Battle of Nashville Monument www.bonps.org/tour/nashmon.htm Relocated in 1999, the refurbished monument is one of the few dedicated to the fighting men of both sides of the war. Tennessee State Museum www.bonps.org/tour/statemuseum.htm Impressive collection of artifacts from the Civil War; exhibits covering all military actions in the state. Battle of Nashville Historical Markers Signage throughout the city marking the significant actions of the two-day battle. Cemeteries: Nashville National Cemetery Final resting place for more than 15,000 Union soldiers, including those killed at the Battle of Nashville. Nashville City Cemetery City's oldest public cemetery and final resting place of many notables, including several Confederate generals, though none who fought at the Battle of Nashville.

Confederate Circle at Mt. Olivet Cemetery Seven Confederate generals and 1,500 soldiers are laid to rest here at this picturesque Victorian cemetery. Confederate Soldiers Home Cemetery Five hundred Confederate veterans are buried at this cemetery located on The Hermitage grounds. Listings and photos created by the SCV Col. Randal McGavock Camp.

Churches, Buildings Used As Hospitals, Military Facilities: Downtown Presbyterian Church Converted into Hospital No. 8 during the war, this church has a unique Egyptian Revival architecture. St. Mary's Cathedral The oldest surviving church in Nashville, St. Mary's was also used as a military hospital during the war. Holy Trinity Episcopal Church Beautiful Gothic structure used by Union as powder magazine and horse stable. Metro Planning Dept. Building Ornate building used as university building, military institute, military hospital during the war, children's museum, city offices. Sunnyside Antebellum house caught between the lines served afterwards as field hospital.

Other Civil War Sites in Middle Tennessee: The Carter House Interpretive center and museum for the Battle of Franklin (11-30-64), two weeks prior to Battle of Nashville. Also: Carnton Mansion, Union Fort Granger, Historic Downtown Franklin. Stones River National Battlefield Site near Murfreesboro of bloody battle (12-31-62 to 1-3-63) between Bragg and Rosecrans. Also: National Cemetery, Fortress Rosecrans, Oaklands Mansion. Visitor Information (Weekends & Holidays) (615) 478-1035. Re-enactment schedule http://www.nps.gov/stri/ Stones River National Battlefield does not carry America the Beautiful Passes. You may purchase any of these passes at any National Park Service site that charges a fee. Actual viewing of Battlefield – Free Rippavilla Mansion Interpretive center for Spring Hill Affair, the night prior to Battle of Franklin. Guided House Tours Tues. –Sat 9:30-4pm Sunday 1-4:30pm Adults $8; Seniors (62 & up) $6 Children 6-12 $5. Children under 5 – free. Groups of 10+ $6 ea. Tennessee Early Farm Life Tours Adults 12+ $3; Seniors $2 Children 6-11 $2 children under 5 – free Rippavilla is located near Nashville just south of Historic Spring Hill on Hwy. 31, one quarter of a mile south of the Saturn Parkway exit off Interstate 65. Rippavilla Plantation P. O. Box 1169, 5700 Main St, Spring Hill, TN 37174 Completed in 1855 by Nathaniel F. Cheairs, Rippavilla has stood for over 150 years. Come revisit the Cheairs family's early roots in Maury County, life on the frontier, the world of the plantation, plus the Civil War and the years of reconstruction. Your tour will relive the November 29th, 1864 Battle of Spring Hill when Rippavilla was at the apex of the Confederacy’s “Last Offensive Campaign” of the Civil War at Franklin and Nashville.

Fort Donelson National Battlefield Free for entrance & activities U.S. Grant captures river fort at Dover in Feb. 1862. Prelude to march upon and capture of Nashville. Open 8am – 4:30; Dover Hotel open Memorial Day – Labor Say depending on Staff availability noon to 4. The park is located in Dover, Tennessee, northwest of Nashville. From Nashville, take I-24W to Clarksville (Exit 4). Take a left on Wilma Rudolph Boulevard, until you reach 101st Airborne Division Pkwy/Hwy 374. Take a right at this intersection. Follow Hwy 374, until you reach Hwy 79. Turn right on Hwy. 79 South. Follow signs to Dover (approximately 30 miles). The visitor center is one mile west of the town.

Shiloh National Military Park 8am-5pm April – Labor Day Large two-day battle on Tennessee River in April 1862 in which CSA Gen. Johnston killed, Grant barely survives. Shiloh Battlefield Visitor Center (731) 689-5696 Corinth Civil War Interpretive Center (662) 287-9273 Corinth Civil War Interpretive Center: No fees! Shiloh Battlefield: Family - Single Private Vehicle Fees: $5.00 - 7 Days Individual Fees: $3.00 - 7 Days Commercial Vechicle, 7-25 passenger capacity Fees: $40

Johnsonville State Historic Site Site of former USA river port and depot sacked by CSA Gen. Forrest in 1864. Railroad built to this spot from Nashville. Sam Davis Home Boyhood home and farm in Smyrna of "Boy Hero of the Confederacy."

Links to all of these locations and more can be found on the website.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:17:00 +0000

11 - Nashville History

Any City that was founded as a fort in 1779 is certain to be packed with history, turn of the century churches that you can tour and amazing other attractions. Although, Nashville certainly won't disappoint in the history department nor will it disappoint you in any other area. Nashville, otherwise known as The Music City was the home of two of our US presidents, the site of the bloody Civil War battles, the host of the World's Fair in 1897 and still has the quaint essential Southern City feel.

Nashville offers a vivid portrait of a bygone era, graceful architecture, opulent mansions, working plantations, a continually rich riverfront and hasn't just made history, but still is. More importantly, it's still making great music, not just Country, but Rock, Jazz, Christian and more. Downtown on Saturdays in Bicentennial Capitol Park, there's free dance lessons & Big Band Music. Dance lessons, optional of course, and after our........

All American Family Dinner

The District is located at 2nd Ave & Church St. continuing to Broadway & contains buildings that have all been restored to their original 19th century glory. You'll find live music while you walk through the shops and see the oldest Letterpress in the US, You'll be able to walk across the Cumberland River Pedestrian Bridge, see the Downtown Presbyterian Church & Historic Germantown as well as several other historic sites, some of which are free. Absolute Must See's & or Do's in the District are the Duck Tour which will take you through Downtown on the Cumberland River, or taking the motorized stand up two wheeler's through the streets so you can keep going once your feet tucker out. We know you don't want to miss a thing and we don't want you to either.

On Music Row you can find the Country Music Hall of Fame, the Wax Museum, the Opryland Hotel, the amusement park, Farmer's Market, General Jackson's Showboat and NashTrash Tours as well as so many more Must See's.

A little ways outside of town you can visit Franklin TN for those interested in Civil War history or the Hermitage to see President Jackson's home. Or if you like to get wet like you never had before, you'll want to head for Nashville Shores! Plan to come early or stay after the reunion so you can experience all Nashville has to offer.

Fort Nashborough- 1779

In 1779 James Robertson led a small group of men from North Carolina to explore the Cumberland Bluff. Once these men arrived, they established Fort Nashborough, named for Francis Nash, a brigadier general in the American Revolution. In April 1780, John Donelson, along with about sixty families, followed Robertson to settle the community. After getting situated into their new home, they drew up the Cumberland Compact under which James Robertson became the chief Civil and military officer of the community. The compact was signed on May 13, 1790.

Davidson Academy- 1785

Colonel James Robertson obtained the passage of an act establishing the Davidson Academy. This “Act for the promotion of learning in the county of Davidson” bears the date December 29, 1785. The board of trustees consisted of 9 people, one of whom was James Robertson. During a legislative assembly Colonel Robertson met Rev. Thomas Craighead whom became a trustee for the school and later the president. Rev. Craighead stated, “tall oaks from little acorns grow.” From the “Davidson Academy” has grown the “University of Nashville” which John Overton’s step-son, James May, attended.

Andrew Jackson-1788

Andrew Jackson came to Nashville in 1788. The next year he boarded with John Overton Sr. at the Widow Donelson’s house. He served as the attorney general until 1796 and became Tennessee’s first representative to Congress in 1796. From 1798 to 1804 he served as the State Superior Court Judge. After leading troops in the War of 1812, Jackson decided to make his way to the White House, running in 1824. Sadly, the people did not elect him for this term, but with the help of his unofficial campaign manager, John Overton, he won the election of 1828 in a very bitter fight with John Quincy Adams.

Belle Meade: John Harding- 1807

In 1807 John Harding bought a log cabin and 250 acres in Nashville. His family grew and prospered in the early years by boarding horses for several of their neighbors. The Civil War brought hard times to the family, as it did all families in the area. When the armies skirmished on their front lawn during the 1864 Battle of Nashville, bullets hit the mansion. One of Mr. Harding’s daughters, Rachel Harding became the first wife to John Overton Jr. and bore him a son, John Overton III.

Nashville Female Academy- 1816

The Nashville Female Academy opened in 1816 with Dr. C. D. Elliott as its conductor. Dr. Berry principled the school for several years, during which time Margaret Jane May, Ann, and Elizabeth Overton attended the academy. When Dr. Berry resigned, Rev. Hume presided until his death in 1833 after which Rev. Robert Lapsley oversaw about 200 students with a little over 70 in the boarding house. The school saw hard times during the Civil War and closed soon afterwards.

Sam Houston- 1818

Sam Houston moved to Nashville in 1818 to study law with Judge James Trimble. Houston practiced in Lebanon, Tennessee before serving as District Attorney until 1821, when he decided to open a law office. Only two years later he held the position of U.S. Congressman until 1827 when he became the Governor of Tennessee. Houston visited Travellers Rest on his honeymoon with Eliza Allen. After only three months of marriage, Sam and Eliza divorced and Sam decided to move to Texas where he became the President of the Republic of Texas from 1836 to 1838.

Trail of Tears- 1838

In 1838 the Cherokee passed through Nashville on the Trail of Tears which developed from the Indian Removal Policy in 1825. Over fifteen thousand Cherokee resisted and protested the policy, taking it all the way to the Supreme Court. Despite winning the case, the removal policy went ahead as planned. Thousands of Cherokee held out until 1838, when the army was ordered to evict them from their land. The path they took earned the grim nickname from the many that died along the way. They were relocated to present day Oklahoma.

Nashville as the Capital- 1843

A boom in the population of Middle Tennessee resulted in Nashville holding the first title of state capital in 1812. However, the capital moved to Knoxville where it stayed from 1815 to 1817. Murfreesboro then held the title until 1826 when Nashville took it back. In 1843 a legislative decision made Nashville the permanent capital. By this time, both Andrew Jackson and James K. Polk, along with many other prominent figures in Tennessee history, resided in Nashville.

James K. Polk-1844

After practicing law in Columbia and Nashville, James K. Polk made his way up the ranks and captured the governor’s seat in 1840. Only four short years later the virtually unknown Tennessee politician grabbed the Presidency, surprising even himself. Many often refer to Polk as the first Dark Horse candidate in United States history. While in office, he fulfilled all his campaign promises, including annexing Texas as a state, revising the nation’s tariffs, and establishing an independent treasury. After his one term in the White House was over, he retired to his home in Nashville where he died two months later in 1849.

Maxwell House-1860

With the cornerstone laid on August 23, 1860, the Maxwell House Hotel began its rich journey in Nashville history. Years before, as the story goes, John Overton, II, stumbled upon an auction and bid $15 for a cow; however, when he told the auctioneer to deliver it to his house, Overton got a startling surprise and learned that he had not bid on the cow, but on the lot. The Union Army took over the hotel just after the start of the Civil War and used it for a confederate prison becoming known as “Zollicoffer’s Barracks”. On September 29, 1863, a set of stairs collapsed, killing an estimate of thirty seven confederate prisoners.

Fort Negley- 1862

Nashville was occupied by the Union Army in late February of 1862. During the fall and winter of 1862, the Union army built a series of fortifications to defend Nashville against possible Confederate attack. At the behest of Military Governor Andrew Johnson, General James Negley, the post commander, ordered the impressment of 2700 black laborers to construct these fortifications for the city. The largest was known as Fort Negley.

Andrew Johnson- 1865

After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, on April 14, 1865, Andrew Johnson assumed the presidency. Controversy marked his term, mostly in relation to the Reconstruction of the South following the Civil War. In 1867, after opposing several laws passed by Congress, he gained the dubious distinction of the first U.S. president to be impeached. He narrowly remained in office by only one vote. Johnson isthe third and last native Tennessean to serve as President.

Nashville Centennial Exposition- 1880

Nashville citizens, so determined to show visitors the true spirit of enthusiastic enterprise, built an enormous two-story structure in the span of four months. On April 24, 1880 the Centennial Exposition opened, and the guests could not notice that just the night before, 1,200 gas lights aided hundreds of people still working on the $24,893 building. On opening day the Tennessee Historical Society displayed a large number of historical artifacts devoted to heroes of the city’s antebellum past.

The Temperance Crusade- 1880’s

The Four-Mile Law prohibited saloons from being within four miles of a school and became the focal point of the temperance forces after passing the state legislature. Temperance conventions came to the area in 1884 and 1885 and helped create the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union which held annual meetings in Nashville and eventually became a force to reckon with. A major referendum to prohibit alcohol from establishments came to the people on September 29, 1887. With a great deal of lobbying on both sides, the amendment failed much to the dismay of the Temperance Union.

Trolley Cars- 1888

In February 1888 Nashville’s McGavock and Mount Vernon Company introduced the first electric powered service. The railway ran lines into south Nashville and Mount Olivet Cemetery, eventually accumulating fifty miles of track. This movement to expand the electric trolley system also helped promote suburban real estate. The transit system kept the fares low and either reduced or eliminated transfer fees in order to keep passenger numbers high. Soon after, Thomas Wrenne headed the company and capitalized $1 million in stock.

Nashville General Hospital- 1890

The Nashville city hospital opened on April 23, 1890 containing only sixty beds. Dr. Charles Brower of the University of Nashville Medical Department was appointed the superintendent of Nashville General Hospital. A year later, the school of nursing opened in Nashville with Charlotte Perkins as the superintendent. The nursing school was located in a vital position because it held the only training school for nurses between the Ohio River and New Orleans, Louisiana.

The Panic of 1893

Before the Panic of 1893, the south was desperately short of capital because of the dominance of agriculture, conservative attitudes toward banks, and dependence on northern financial institutions. During the 1880’s, Nashville’s financial district went through consolidation and expansion. Nashville’s state chartered banks, trust companies, and small savings companies claimed $1 million in deposits. This money, along with $5.5 million from nationally chartered banks, gave Nashville the title of “banking capital” for Tennessee as well as portions of Kentucky and Alabama. When the smallest of the national banks folded, uneasiness in the public grew and on August 10, 1893 large groups of people attempted to get their money, which became known as the Panic of 1893.

Union Station- 1900

Opening on October 9, 1900, Union Station allowed Nashville residents an easier way to get around. The move for a new depot started in 1886 when the old L&N Station north of public square burned, and the parent company had no other option but to share cramped quarters with its subsidiary, NC&StL. The L&N chief engineer, Richard Monfort, designed a new structure allowing more passengers than before. The city council delayed construction for several years, during which they fought over several bills and amendments. In 1986 the city renovated Union Station, transforming it into an elegant hotel.

Street Car Boycott- 1905

In January 1905 Representative Charles Fahey introduced a bill that separated white and colored passengers on streetcars. His bill passed the lower house with a vote of 81 to 4 and the upper house with a 28 to 1 vote. On July 5, when the bill took effect, streetcar operators were to designate which portion of the car blacks could occupy. However, on that same day, African American Nashvillians protested by boycotting the Nashville Transit Company and walked. The Union Transportation Company was created on August 29, 1905 the African Americans had a way to ride around town. The company soon began experiencing difficulty and eventually the boycott ended.

The Great Nashville Train Wreck- 1918

After the U.S. entered WWI in April 1917, Nashville geared up factories for the needed war production. The entire community got involved, including the powerful railroads. On July 9th, 1918, two trains of the Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis Rail Company carrying factory workers collided south of Nashville on White Bridge Road. Due to a communication failure, the two trains lingered on the same track hitting head on. More than 100 people, mostly African American war factory workers were killed in the catastrophic collision. This remains the worst railroad disaster in the history of the state.

Votes for Woman- 1920

On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the 19th amendment to the U.S. constitution. This ratification came after weeks of intense lobbying by several national leaders. When the amendment narrowly passed the Tennessee congress by one vote, all American women were granted the right to vote. The Hermitage Hotel in Nashville held several celebration parties for the suffragists. Incidentally, the headquarters for both the suffragists and anti-suffragists occupied the Hermitage Hotel.

Grand Ole Opry- 1925

On October 5, 1925, Edwin Craig and Jack DeWitt, an engineering student, first aired WSM radio from downtown Nashville. At 8 p.m. on November 28, 1925, George Hay launched the WSM Barn Dance, later known as the Grand Ole Opry. Judge George Hay created his show because of his experience seven years earlier at a hoedown with a group of Ozark Mountaineers in Mammoth Spring, Arkansas. Judge Hay decided to feature this “rural” music on his new show with WSM. In 1943 the Grand Ole Opry moved to the Ryman and in 1974 it moved again to its current location at Opryland.

Nashville Sit-Ins- 1960’s

The former First Baptist Church became the headquarters of the 1950’s and 60’s sit-in movement that took place in Nashville. Reverend Kelly Mill Smith led the movement and held meetings at the church. First Baptist Church, formerly located at Eight Avenue and Charlotte Pike, also held the administration offices for the reverend. The newly formed Nashville Christian Leader Conference began their demonstrations on March 26-28, 1958 with a sit-in. On May 10, 1960, Nashville became one of the first major cities in the south to start the desegregation process.

Metropolitan Nashville- 1962

On June 17th, 1958 voters in Davidson county defeated a measure to consolidate the governments of Davidson county and Nashville. Four years later, before holding a second vote, the city government, the League of Woman Voters, and the Chamber of Commerce backed the decision and on June 28th, 1962 the measure officially passed. This joining of county and city government was the first in Tennessee and most successful in the area.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:11:00 +0000

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:54:00 +0000

13 - Prayer Request - family

As we all know 2009 has been a tough year on everyone and that several in the family are looking for new jobs and additional work &/or wanting to be sure that they will have the funds to continue once retiring in 2010. Please pray that all of the family finds the jobs that the Lord has available for them soon and that their needs will be met.
The names of the entire family are:

Stan & Cathie Houts
Katrina Houts
Mark & Paula Helsel
Marshall & Melissa Helsel
Bob & Jan Helsel
Kyle & Emily Houts
Brad & Chrissy Sanders
Jon & Elizabeth Helsel
Tom & Heather Malewski, Elijah, MacKenzie & Savannah
Jim & Joanne Miller
Sharon Douglass
Jeff, Jenn, Ashley Lane & Jake Wright
Richard & Charlotte Haviland
Brian & Shannon, Josh & Rachel Haviland
Doug & Steph Haviland
John & Katie, Adian & Wll Stasiak
Aaron & Lindsey, Camden & Josephine Lieker
Samantha Haviland
Jeff & Shelly Benedict; Loren & Ryan
Paul & Becky Vannoy; Jennifer, Matt & Allison
Tom & Robyn Firestone
Gary, James & Nathan Miller
Rev. Steve & Edie Killion
Jennifer Soussloff & Justin Mitchell
Chris & Sharon Beechley
Steve & Christine, Duce & Trenton Killion
Rev. Charles & Darlene Helsel
Bill & Dianne, Bridgette & Jesse
Bonnie Dayton & Brian O'Donnel; Spenser
Rachel and Preston Stone
Brenda& Shiloh Carlson
Sharon & Chris Partridge
Bob & Laurel Hubbard
Becky Hubbard
Ben & Meredith Hubbard; Emily & Aiden
Russ Hubbard & Adriene Stern
Brittany Hubbard
Lyndsy, Bradin & Talia Hubbard
Amy Nolan
Allison Deems
Sara & Pat Walker

It seems, I've missed someone & if so, please let me know so that I can add them.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:51:00 +0000

14 - Prayer Requests - Rev. Steve Killion

Rev. Steve has just found out that he has 1/2 of his heart working and the other 1/2 is not. The doctors say that there are no blood clots or major issues as long as he takes care of him self. However, please pray for him to stay healthy. We're hoping for miraculous things.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:51:00 +0000

15 - Prayer Requests - Charles & Darlene orig posted Wednesday, February 17, 2010 - 10:29 AM

Charles & Darlene are ready to retire, however the bakery that Darlene's worked at for the last few years has been unwilling to cut her hours back. She's still working 40+ hours a week. Prayers are appreciated that the bakery will allow her to train someone part time so she can partially retire with Charles.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:50:00 +0000

16 - Grandma Joanne Eye Surg. orig posted Wednesday, February 17, 2010 - 10:30 AM

Grandma Joanne goes in for eye surgery on Feb 23^rd. Please keep her in your prayers that everything goes well.

2/25/10 Grandma says that her check up appt w/ the Doc. went super well. Thanks for the prayers. Her surg for the left eye is scheduled for 3/9/10. Please keep her in your prayers for the 2nd surg. We'll keep you updated!

3/8/10 Joanne, we see that today's date is the date for your eye surgery! We pray that all goes well!! Is this laser surgery or what?? Bob and Jan

3/10/10 Mom says that Grandma's eye surgery went well. Follow up appointment is in a week and then we'll be able to give a full report. Thanks for the prayers.

3/24/10 Both eyes are great. Will need spec's for reading, but can see distance like an eagle.

Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:49:00 +0000

17 - All in the family Helsel-Killion Family Recipe Book

Yep, that's right. We're passing down the best of the best family favorites of the family to the younger generations so that they aren't lost. We've got 'em and before some forget them we want to pass them along so that they aren't missed by those that come after us.

So far we've received recipes from Jenn Lane, Aunt Janice & a couple from Marshall & his wife, all of course sound delicious & I personally can't wait to try them all. Of course they are our fav's, but passing down 10 recipes from 3 of us, doesn't quite make a book. We need yours too!

Please pass down your recipes too, deadline to get your recipe in the book is December 1, 2010. Email your recipes to Jenn Lane at jennifer@amemorylaneevent.com to be added. Even better, add a cute story about those who enjoy the recipe, pic or other info that makes it a family fav.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 18:13:00 +0000

18 - Nashville - who, what, when & why

Music Row
Attractions include

Music Valley,
Opryland Hotel & Gardens,
General Jackson Showboat,
Grand Ole Golf,
Grand Ole Opry House & Museum,
Imax Theatre,
Wax Museum,
Nashville Nightlife,
Nashville Palace,
Opry Mills Mall
Farmer's Market, and
NashTrash Tours.

Downtown/The District

Trolley
Duck Tour
Belmont Mansion - outskirts of downtown
The Ryman
Belle Meade Plantation - outskirts of downtown
Fort Nashbrough
Country Music Hall of Fame
Nashville Sounds - baseball
Bicentennial Mall State Park (4 parks & historic sites are found here)
Nashville City Cemetery
The Parthenon
Several bars/ restaurants - most are combined in Nashville
First Center for the Visual Arts
Laser Qwest
Symphony Center
Writers State
Hockey Stadium
Charlie Daniels Museum
Ton's of shopping - including the Christian Bookstore

Downtown which is referred to as the District is located at 2nd Ave & Church St. continuing to Broadway and contains buildings that have all been restored to their original 19th century glory. You'll find love music while you walk through the shops and see the oldest Letterpress in the US. You'll be able to walk across the Cumberland River Pedestrian Bridge, see the downtown Presbyterian Church, Historic Germantown, as well as other historic sites, some of which are free. Absolute MUST SEE's & Do's in the district are the Duck Tour which will take you through downtown on the Cumberland River or taking the motorized stand up two wheeler's through the streets so you can keep going once your feet tucker out. We know you don't want to miss a thing and we don't want you to either.

Any city that was founded as a fort in 1779 is certain to be packed with history. Nashville certainly won't disappoint in the history department nor will it disappoint in any other area. Nashville, otherwise known as the The Music City was the home of two of our US Presidents, the site of the bloody Civil War battles, the host of the Worlds Fair in 7897 and still has the quaint essential Southern City feel.

Nashville offers a vivid portrait of a bygone era, graceful architecture, opulent mansions, working plantations, a continually rich riverfront and hasn't just made history but still is. More importantly is still making great music, not just Country, but Rock, Jazz, Christian & more. Downtown on Saturdays in Bicentennial Park there's a free dance with Big Band Music.

Franklin

A little ways outside of town you can visit Franklin TN. For those interested in the Civil War history this is a must see. Plan at least 1/2 a day so you can see the battlefield, the homes & plantations that all played a pivotal part in the Franklin battle.

Hermitage

President Jackson's home & plantation and Nashville Shores.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 18:00:00 +0000

19 - Family News -What's the latest

Both Spencer and Ashley graduate this spring 2010. Prom pic's & graduation pics will be on Facebook & the website.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:32:00 +0000

20 - Family news- what's the latest

Spencer was in France for Christmas break 2009 as a senior trip. Ask him how it was & for pic's. No one's seen them yet.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:31:00 +0000

21 - What's going on in the family

Aunt Janice's Quick Trip to Colorado. Unfortunately Aunt Janice's youngest sister passed way on January 23, 2010. She was only 55 & will be greatly missed. Aunt Janice and Uncle Bob made it back home right before a big ice strom hit OK City. The ground was covered in beautiful snow, with ice underneath. She can hardly wait for spring.

Jennifer Lane stated, that she was sorry about Aunt Janice's loss and that it was so sad since she was so young.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:30:00 +0000

22 - Family pics for family website & blog

Guys, dolls & gentle mammals - we need your pic's! We have very few of the Helsel side. Aunt Laurel and some others have done a great job @ getting us pic's on Facebook, thank you very much. :-) But we need more. Please put up more pic's. We'd like to have an album on Facebook of each individual family group that will specify which family line your on. No need to include full names. When you load your pic's please include at least a first name & maybe some cute little saying or explain what's going on w/ ea pic. So we can all understand who's who, laugh or at the minimum understand what's going on too. Please remember to add in baby pic's of you, your kids, growing up for you, your spouse & kids, add your pets. We all love some furry little loved ones. If you haven't put up pic's you know who you are. :-(. Don't be a picture pooper.

Please remember that we can't take your pic's from Snapfish etc to add to the website or Facebook.

Should be unable to get your older pic's up, you can always mail them to Jenn Lane or Sharon. We can scan them in, put them up & mail them back to you.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:25:00 +0000

23 - Family new arrivals - Steve & Christine

Steve & Christine had their baby boy on 9/15/09. Trenton Kenneth Killion was 22" & 8lbs 4 oz. Pic's of the little one are on the family Website, family blog & Facebook pages.

Laurel on 3/9/10 @ 3:15 pm stated "He's purely adorable."

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:05:00 +0000

24 - New Family Arrivals - Doug & Steph - new grandparents

Doug & Steph's new grand baby girl:

Our new granddaughter is Macie. She is #6 under 5 yrs old. We are blessed, now with 3 girls and 3 boys. Mom (Becky), Dad (Steve) and older sister Tavin are all doing well. Steph will be getting some pic's up on Facebook of the family, so watch for those. Steph's son, Jon Luciano will be assisting. Love to all hope that everyone is doing well. Congrat's.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 17:02:00 +0000

25 - Nashville 4th of July & downtown parking

Optional for those who want to stay in Nashville for the 4th of July (After Party). If there's one thing that Nashville knows how to do - it's how to throw a party.

On the 4th of July, we're planning to head to Nashville Shores in the morning to play in the water all day, (sand, beach, swimming pools, water slides, horseshoes and every other possible combo of active fun. Then we'll head downtown to Riverfront Park, performers to be announced at a later date. We'll head for the park in the late afternoon, eat some BBQ, listen to the free concert & watch fireworks. For those who don't want to head downtown, you should be able to see the fireworks from our hotel, if your room is on the "right" side of the hotel.

Riverfront Park is the 2nd biggest fireworks display behind Washington DC. As a result 80,000-100,000 people attend. (Make your room reservations early or you won't get a room. Our hotel is the close to the park)

Festivities begin at noon with the free Family Fun Zone, presented by Coke featuring fun inflatables. Pre show live music will take place from 3-6 pm on the Now Playing Nashville First Stage. The official main stage concert will kick off at 7pm with more acts until 9-9:30pm. This is a great party and will conclude with the South's largest fireworks show at approximately 9 pm.

You're not allowed to bring bottles or coolers etc. downtown for the 4th, but there are several restaurants and stands to get drinks & eats. House policies.
No alcoholic beverages inside the park
No backpacks
No tall lawn/ camping chairs. Small seat cushions and ground chairs are allowed
No umbrellas
All food & drinks brought in must be in clear-see through containers

Always park in a legal spot. At times it may be difficult to distinguish which spots are legal. However, tickets are handed out like water during big events downtown. If you use a Pay Lot, be sure that it takes your money properly & gives you a "paid" ticket to display in the car window, or you'll surely get a ticket. Its also a good idea to keep parking receipts for a couple months after the event, in case a ticket does arrive in the mail. Many people go down early and hang out for 13 hours or so, the set up, sound check, and early in the day acts are great fun. Average crowd downtown is 80,000 people on the 4th of July.

Many parking lots downtown are privately owned, the instructions are different for each lot. Many times the locals are just as confused as out of towners' trying to figure out the "instructions" for each parking lot. Many times they'll just pay the full amount to ensure that their car would still be there when they get back & hasn't been towed.

Although not every lot has an automatic tow policy, if you've parked in a lot that doesn't have an automatic tow policy, once you get a citation, you can continue to leave your car parked there for the remainder of the day with out having your car towed. You will have to pay the citation. Parking prices for different lots vary greatly, even within the same companies such as Central Parking. Depend upon the lot you find anywhere between $3-24 for all day parking. After 5pm parking instructions and costs again aren't well detailed. Some lots have the $5 after 5 program, these lots aren't well indicated. On a holiday or during a weekend event regular parking rates apply in all lots.

The Metro Courthouse, located at the south end of 2nd Ave. and Union St. offers free parking on nights and weekends, although to look at all of the NO PARKING signs at the entrance you wouldn't know it. Several hundred free weekend and after hours spots are offered in the state employee lots off Charlotte & 10th Ave. (by the TSU Williams Campus) and also at Charlotte & 8th Ave. (by the Federal Reserve Building) both are within walking distance of the State Capitol and Bicentennial Park. You also can park free after hours and on weekends in employee lots on Sixth Ave North and Gay Street by the Cordell Hull Building. There is also a lot located somewhere off of Harrison St. between Farmers Market and the Stockyard Restaurant.

Metered Parking Spaces while walking downtown Second Ave. I've counted no less then 20 signs, the ones with the steel poles and metal signs, most of which telling you the same thing over & over something to the effect "that your care will be towed if you park between these certain hours." Trust me - they will be towed. Downtown workers will attest to the fact of seeing tow trucks essentially lining up to tow your vehicle during these hours. What this means is basically that you can not park at certain meters, even if you pay, between the morning hours of 7-9am & the afternoon hours of 4-5:30. The meters don't state this fact but there are several dozen signs on each city block that state this. But the meters also fail to tell you that according to legislation passed by the Metro Council its free to park at all 900 parking meters on Saturdays and Sundays and weekends after 6pm with the exception of bagged meters. What exactly is a bagged meter? When you see a parking meter that is bagged, covered with a leather type of cover this means that a local downtown company has pre-bought the parking space. It has been reserved for the companies use only. And believe me some of these company have pre-bought a lot if metered parking spaces for months at a time. Do not park at these - you WILL BE TOWED.

Got a ticket? There are two types of "tickets". One is issued by a private lot (parking free) and one by a metro official (the real deal). Both can be paid by mail. If you find a ticket has been placed on your car by a metro official it is best to immediately relocate your car to a legitimate parking spot. If you get a ticket in a privately run lot this is essentially a parking fine and you can leave your car parked in it's place, although, I would say, if it's possible to move your car to a legit spot in the same lot, yes you'll have to pay the parking fee again.

If your car is towed... If you get towed, the tow in lot is located at 11 Russell St. Their ph # is 615-862-7800 and gratefully open 24 hours a day. The minimum fee to release an impounded car is $45. and most fines are at least $25. The accept cash only - so be sure to bring cash with you.

If you'd like to see the fireworks, but not have to deal with the crowd of at least 80,000 in the grass, you can purchase an event ticket and sit at Cooper Kettle on the deck watching the fireworks, having snacks and beverages which are included in your ticket cost. Tickets in 2009 were $75 ea. but are expected to increase in cost by 2011. Contact the Cooper Kettle in January 2011 to inquire.

Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2010 16:51:00 +0000